26
EDRS 2013
date, five healthy control (HC) women and four women with BN have
completed this new task and a matched-parameter standard GNG task
while functional near-infrared spectroscopy measured PFC activation.
Video analysis software coded full sips and initiated but ultimately
inhibited (partial) sips.
Results.
In the standard GNG, BNs made more
commission errors than HCs (39.8% vs. 21.3%). In the sipping GNG,
HCs made more self-corrected, partial-sip errors (10% vs. 5.5% in BNs),
while the BN participants made more full-sip errors (13.3% vs. 7.5% in
HCs). During standard GNG response inhibition, the BN group did not
activate bilateral DLPFC or middle frontal gyri (MFG) to the same degree
as HCs. In contrast, the BN group demonstrated increased activation
compared to HCs in right DLPFC and bilateral MFG and VLPFC during
sipping GNG inhibition. Data collection is ongoing.
Conclusions.
Our
preliminary findings may indicate an inefficient level of PFC activation in
BN specifically associated with eating inhibition and support a role for the
PFC in binge eating.
T8
Neural and Psychological Associations of Decision-Making Deficits
in Anorexia Nervosa: Before and After Full Weight Restoration
Lindsay P. Bodell
1
,
Pamela K. Keel
1
,
Ashley Akubuiro
2
,
Joseph Caballero
2
,
Daniel Tranel
2
,
Laurie M. McCormick
2
1
Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA,
2
University of Iowa, Iowa
City, IA, USA
Introduction:
This study aimed to replicate and extend previous work on
decision-making in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) through examination of neural
and psychological correlates of decision-making and use of a longitudinal
design.
Methods:
Participants were 22 women with AN and 20 matched
healthy controls. Decision-making was assessed using the Iowa Gambling
Task (IGT) before and after weight restoration in patients with AN,
and magnetic resonance imaging scans were conducted to examine
associations between brain volume and decision-making performance.
Self-report and interview assessments were used to measure additional
correlates of decision-making performance including depression, anxiety,
eating disorder symptoms, and body mass index (BMI).
Results:
Currently
ill AN patients had poorer decision-making ability compared to the control
group. Lower BMI and decreased left medial and lateral orbitofrontal
cortex volumes were significantly associated with poorer IGT performance
in low-weight AN patients. IGT performance did not significantly improve
after full weight restoration and recovery of brain volume, and the only
predictor of IGT performance following weight restoration was IGT
performance status while ill.
Conclusions:
Findings suggest that decision-
making deficits in AN may be more than just a consequence of low-weight
and may provide a useful model for understanding how patients sustain
self-starvation.
T9
Impulsivity and Emotion Dysregulation in Eating Disorders
Allegra I. Broft
1
,
Joanna E. Steinglass
1
,
B. Timothy Walsh
1
,
Betty J. Casey
2
1
Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,
2
Weill Cornell Medical College,
New York, NY, USA
Purpose
:
Variation in impulse control and emotion regulation may be
factors that contribute to the differential expression of eating disorders.
Methods
:
Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN; n=39), bulimia nervosa
(
BN; n=25), and control subjects (CTR; n=36) completed an “emotional”
go/nogo task to assess sensitivity to emotional cues and impulsivity.
Results
:
There was a main effect of diagnosis with patients with AN
performing less accurately than BN patients or CTR, especially when
detecting emotional cues. These differences persisted upon weight
restoration, at least in the near-term. Exploratory analyses showed a
positive association in AN between Spielberger trait anxiety scores
(
STAI-T) and accuracy in detecting emotional cues. In BN, there was
a negative correlation between self-reported impulsiveness and nogo
accuracy.
Conclusions
:
These results suggest the importance of
emotional dysregulation and attentional control in eating disorders that
may be perpetuating factors in these disorders.
T10
Evaluating Model Invariance for Eating Pathology Between Genders
Tiffany A Brown, Pamela K Keel
Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
Introduction:
Prior research has established models of eating pathology
in women composed of restricting, binge-eating, and body dissatisfaction
dimensions that may be useful in new dimensional approaches to studying
eating disorders (i.e., the RDoC framework). However, studies have not
evaluated whether models developed in women adequately fit men. The
present study examined measurement invariance between genders for
this three factor model of eating pathology.
Methods:
Multiple-groups
Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to evaluate the fit of a three-
factor model of eating pathology in men (n=592) and women (n=1468).
The model included three latent factors: (1) Restricting, (2) Bingeing,
and (3) Body Dissatisfaction.
Results:
Model fit indices (RMSEA’s<.06,
CFI’s>.98, TLI’s>.98, SRMR’s<.03) indicated good model fit for both men
and women, separately. Invariance evaluation analyses demonstrated
invariance for the model’s overall factor structure, factor loadings, and
partial invariance for indicator intercepts. Men and women differed on
factor covariances and mean levels of eating pathology.
Conclusions:
Results suggest that eating pathology exhibits a similar structure
across gender; however, the relationship between bingeing and body
dissatisfaction appears to be stronger among males than females.
Consistent with known differences in eating disorder prevalence, females
have higher levels of eating pathology across all constructs compared to
males.
T11
Allocentric Body-Viewing Exercises Alter Body Size Estimation and
Body Satisfaction in Individuals with Eating Disorders
Laura K Case
1
,
Stephanie Knatz
2
,
June Liang
2
,
Walter H Kaye
2
,
Vilayanur
S Ramachandran
1
1
Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, CA,
2
University of California, San Diego Eating Disorders Treatment
and Research Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
1.
Introduction
Recent research shows significant distortions in sensory
body representation in eating disorders (EDs), but the relationship
between body image and sensory processing is not well understood. Body
image and body schema are multisensory and can be quickly altered
through sensory feedback. In mirror box therapy for phantom pain or
motor rehabilitation, for example, viewing ones healthy limb superimposed
onto ones unhealthy or missing limb tricks the brain into perceiving easy
movement and reduces pain. Could viewing the body in an allocentric
way circumvent self-related, ED-distorted modes of body processing, and
allow the patient to perceive their own body more accurately? 2.
Methods
Five participants (accrual ongoing) with EDs viewed their body from the
front, side, and back. To manipulate perspective, they also viewed their
body while wearing a full-head mask and with the experimenter’s head
on top of the mirror in place of the patient’s reflection. Body image ratings
and visual and tactile body size estimates were collected after each
viewing. 3.
Results
Body satisfaction ratings improved significantly during
mask viewing (p <0.05). In 3 of 5 participants, waist estimates correlated
negatively with body satisfaction ratings (p <0.05). Body satisfaction was
a significant predictor of visual waist estimation (p <0.01) and tactile body
size estimation (p <0.05). 4.
Conclusions
.
This study is the first to test a
potential treatment approach for body image based on neuropsychological
theories of body processing. Results suggest that allocentric body viewing
can decrease body size estimation and improve body satisfaction ratings,
making it a useful candidate for therapeutic reduction of body image
distortion in EDs.
T12
How Can We Integrate Studies of Feeding Disorders with the New
Diagnostic Criteria for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in
DSM 5
Irene Chatoor, Laura McWade-Paez, Robert McCarter, Yao Cheng,
Venkata Sugnanam, Benny Kerzner
Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA,
Introduction
:
Criteria in DSM-4 for Feeding Disorder of Infancy or Early
Childhood have been criticized for not capturing many young children
presenting with feeding difficulties, and an alternative system in DC: 0-3R
(2005)
has often been used. This system includes six subtypes of feeding
behavior disorder proposed by Chatoor (2002). The new DSM-5 criteria
for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder with the accompanying text
map onto three of the DC:0-3R subtypes: The new restrictive subtype
presenting with a lack of interest in food or eating has been described
in DC:0-3R as infantile anorexia; the second variant of children who
select or avoid food in relation to the appearance, taste, texture, smell ,or
temperature, has been defined as sensory food aversions in DC:0-3R; and
finally, the third variant includes individuals who avoid eating in response
to a previous distressing experience, which has been defined in DC:0-3R
as feeding disorder associated with insults to the gastrointestinal tract.
Methods:
A treatment study of infantile anorexia will be presented with
emphasis on the symptoms at the time of diagnosis during the toddler
years and at follow-up at 7-13 years of age
.
Results:
2/3
of the children
improved their eating and growth, whereas 1/3 continued to show lack of
interest in eating, early satiety, poor growth, anxiety, and sleep disorders.
Conclusion:
Early diagnosis and intervention can prevent ongoing
feeding difficulties in the majority of children.
POSTER SESSION 1 ABSTRACTS
