28
EDRS 2013
perfectionism, and greater weight suppression. Compared to BN, CED
was associated with significantly less body image disturbance, disordered
eating, weight suppression, and lower likelihood of being overweight in
childhood. However, CED and BN did not differ on anxiety proneness or
perfectionism.
Conclusion:
CED may represent a clinically significant
eating disorder distinguished from BN on weight history and current illness
severity.
T19
Bulimia Nervosa, Alcohol Use Disorders and Nicotine Dependence in
an Epidemiologic Sample of Young Adult Women
Alexis E. Duncan
1,2,3
,
Melissa A. Munn-Chernoff
2,3
,
Kathleen K. Bucholz
2,3
,
Pamela A.F. Madden
2,3
,
Andrew C. Heath
2,3
1
Brown School, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA,
2
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine,
Saint Louis, MO, USA,
3
Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, Washington
University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
Introduction
:
Limited research has examined rates of eating disorders
in women with substance use disorders. We examined rates of bulimia
nervosa (BN) symptoms and diagnosis by lifetime alcohol use disorder
(
AUD) and nicotine dependence (ND) status in an epidemiologic sample of
women.
Methods
: 3787
women (median age=22 years) from the Missouri
Adolescent Female Twin Study completed a semi-structured interview
assessing lifetime DSM-IV BN symptoms and diagnosis, AUD, and
ND. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age and race; robust
standard errors were used to account for the non-independence of the
twin data.
Results
:
Women with both AUD and ND had higher prevalence
of BN diagnosis and symptoms than women with AUD or ND only, who
in turn had higher prevalence than those without either diagnosis. After
adjusting for age and race, women with AUD and ND had significantly
greater odds of reporting binge eating (OR=3.35, 95% CI=1.85-6.07),
inappropriate compensatory behaviors (OR=3.37, 95% CI=2.56-4.44) and
meeting broad criteria for BN (OR=3.53, 95% CI=1.36-9.28) than women
with neither disorder. Although lower than for women with both disorders,
odds ratios for BN symptoms and diagnosis for women with AUD or ND
were all statistically significant.
Conclusions
:
Women with lifetime AUD
and ND are at particularly high risk for BN symptoms and diagnosis.
Findings underscore the importance of assessing eating disorder
symptoms among women with substance use disorders.
T20
Family Functioning in Adolescent Girls with and without Loss of
Control Eating
Camden A. Elliott
1, 2
,
Lauren B. Shomaker
1,2
,
Louise Hannallah
1,2
,
Lisa M.
Ranzenhofer
1,2
,
Rachel Miller
1,2
,
Anna Vannucci
1,2
,
Omni Cassidy
1,2
,
Tracy
Sbrocco
1
,
Mark Stephens
1
,
Jack Yanovski
2
,
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
1,2
1
Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA,
2
NICHD Section on
Growth and Obesity, Bethesda, MD, USA
Loss of control (LOC) eating is common among adolescent girls and
associated with social difficulties. However, the particular aspects of family
functioning that may be problematic among youth with LOC eating are
not well understood. We therefore examined family functioning in 172
adolescent girls (14.6±1.6y; BMIz 1.5±0.4; 51.8% non-Hispanic White)
with (n=144) and without (n=18) LOC, prior to participation in an obesity
prevention program. The Eating Disorder Examination was administered
to assess LOC. Youth completed the Family Adaptability and Cohesion
Evaluation Scale (FACES) to assess family functioning. Body fat was
measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Accounting for age,
race, adiposity, and height, girls with LOC had lower FACES Cohesion
scores compared to girls without LOC (
p
<.001). Specifically, girls with
LOC primarily described their families as “disengaged” (82%), referring
to extremely low family connectedness. Girls with LOC eating also
reported higher FACES Adaptability scores compared to youth without
LOC (p<.001), primarily describing their families as “overly flexible” (63%),
which reflects an unstructured or chaotic family hierarchy. We conclude
that girls who report LOC eating may perceive less close and more chaotic
family relationships compared to youth without LOC. Further research is
needed to determine how perceived family functioning contributes to the
onset and maintenance of exacerbated disordered eating and intervention
outcome.
T21
Does AN Subtype Moderate the Relationship Between Momentary
Emotion and Eating Disorder Behaviors?
Scott G. Engel
1,2
,
Stephen A. Wonderlich
1,2
,
Ross D. Crosby
1,2
,
Scott
Crow
3
,
Carol Peterson
3
,
Daniel le Grange
4
,
James E. Mitchell
1,2
,
Jason
Lavender
1
1
Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA,
2
University of North
Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA,
3
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,
MN, USA,
4
University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Objective
:
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether
anorexia nervosa (AN) subtype (AN-binge purge vs. AN-restrictor)
moderates the relationship between momentary negative emotional state
and eating disorder behaviors in AN.
Method
:
Participants were 118 adult
females with full or subthreshold AN. Participants were provided handheld
computers and asked to report negative affect (NA), loss of control (LOC)
eating, and purging over a two-week interval. Mixed-effects models were
used to examine the extent to which NA, subtype, and their interaction
predicted loss of control (LOC) eating, purging, and simultaneously
reported LOC eating-purge behaviors.
Results
:
AN-BP was significantly
associated with a greater likelihood of LOC eating (p<.001), purging
(
p<.001), and simultaneously reported LOC eating-purging behaviors
(
p<.001). Increased NA was significantly associated with an increased
likelihood of purging (p<.001). AN-R participants with increased levels of
antecedent NA were most likely to subsequently report purging (p<.01).
Discussion
:
Although AN-BP participants are most likely to engage in
eating disordered behaviors, AN-R participants are most likely to purge
after experiencing NA. These findings suggest that momentary NA may
differentially predict some eating disorder behaviors in patients with AN-BP
vs. AN-R. This finding may inform maintenance models of AN.
T22
Attentional Bias to Food, Urgency, and Arousal: Effects on Food
Consumption
Sarah Fischer
1
,
Davis-Becker Kendra
2
1
George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA,
2
University of Georgia,
Athens, GA, USA
Attentional bias to food cues, negative affect, and negative urgency
have all been linked to loss of control eating. However, few studies
have examined the joint effects of cognitive bias, mood, and personality
on food consumption. In the current study, 190 undergraduate women
were randomly assigned to either an anger or neutral mood condition.
Women in both conditions then completed the Food Stroop, in which
the presentation of food and neutral words were counterbalanced. After
the task, participants were exposed to bowls of mandarin oranges and
candy while the experimenter left the room. The type and quantity of
food consumed was calculated after the participant departed. In all
analyses, BMI, ethnicity, and disordered eating symptoms were entered
as covariates. Contrary to hypotheses, increases in arousal and negative
mood did not influence attentional bias to food cues. However, arousal,
a food attentional bias, and negative urgency all had significant main
effects on food consumption. Individuals who exhibited increased arousal
in the mood condition, heightened attentional bias to food cues, and
higher levels of negative urgency were significantly more likely to take
candy while the experimenter was not present. Results indicate that while
heightened arousal may not influence attentional bias to food cues, these
variables have unique effects on food consumption.
T23
Do Differences Between Normal Weight and Obese Individuals in
Binge Eating and Restrained Eating Reflect Reality or Item ‘Bias’?
Kelsie T. Forbush
1
,
Louis Tay
1
,
Jennifer E. Wildes
2
1
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA,
2
University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Introduction:
In light of increasing rates of obesity worldwide, there is
a critical need for accurate eating disorder (ED) self-report measures in
this population, particularly given most ED measures were developed
and validated in normal weight samples.
Method:
Item response theory
was used to determine whether differences in disordered eating between
normal weight (NW) and overweight or obese (OW) individuals were due
to item bias (i.e., differential item functioning [DIF]). Study 1 participants
were NW (
N
=510) or OW (
N
=304) adults. Study 2 participants were
NW (
N
=778) or OW (
N
=320) college students. Study 1 participants
completed the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q),
Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-3), Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire
(
DEBQ), Restraint Scale (RS), and Three Factor Eating Questionnaire
(
TFEQ). Study 2 participants completed the Eating Pathology Symptoms
Inventory (EPSI).
Results:
The RS demonstrated the most DIF (60%
of items), whereas the majority of other scales demonstrated moderate
levels of DIF (17-38%). However, EDE-Q Restraint and EPSI Binge
Eating, Restricting, and Cognitive Restraint scales did not show evidence
of DIF.
Conclusions:
Participants with the same level of disordered eating
responded differently to certain ED items due to weight-bias, rather than
true between-group differences. Nevertheless, certain measures did not
exhibit evidence of bias and are ideal for assessing disordered eating
across the weight spectrum.
T24
Localized Brain Volume and White Matter Alterations in Adolescent
Anorexia
Guido K.W. Frank
1
,
Megan E. Shott
1
,
Jennifer O. Hagman
1
,
Tony T. Yang
2
1
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA,
2
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
Objective
The neurobiological underpinnings of anorexia nervosa
(
AN) are poorly understood. In this study we tested whether brain gray
matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in adolescents with AN would show
alterations comparable to adults.
Methods
We used magnetic resonance
imaging to study GM and WM volume, and diffusion tensor imaging
POSTER SESSION 1 ABSTRACTS
